The Armour Archive

Ernst

OSTERGAARD. Woven into the Earth: Textile finds in Norse Greenland

http://en.unipress.dk/media/3640185/978 ... _earth.pdf

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https://historicengland.org.uk/listing/the-list/list-entry/1410710 The manor of Greenwich, in royal ownership by the C9, was granted to the Abbot of Ghent before the Conquest, and by the late C13 a substantial manor house or grange, known as 'The Old Court', had been built. The manor reverted to the...

Ernst

XXIV does seem quite retrograde, doesn't it? However, that's the BSB dating for the manuscript, which might be in question. Yet XXII and others seem to indicate mail sleeves remaining popular in Germany for some time as the primary arm defense.

Ernst

To the contrary, fitz Marmaduke died in Perth, Scotland, and the cathedra ferrea is listed at his castle, Ravenshelme, in County Durham, England. It might have been an item useful for taking on campaign, but it was not accompanying him at the time of his death. http://www.fortifiedengland.com/Home/C...

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Certainly something like this iron example is a possibility, perhaps the literal translation is better than my speculation?

c. 1400 Bayeux Cathedral

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Andeerz, That seems good to me. There are always plenty of chests, bags, and baskets about for storage. I'll edit that entry.

Ernst

There is this late 13th century French regulation, with translation attempt by Konstantin the Red in this thread: http://forums.armourarchive.org/phpBB3/viewtopic.php?f=4&t=178394 1296: Ordonnances des Metiers de Paris Que nus (armuriers) ne puisse fere cote ne gamboison de tele dont I'envers et I'e...

Ernst

Perhaps Tasha's examination of the Charles VI pourpoint will give you some ideas, though I doubt there was only one single way of doing things. The armors made of 10s of layers of fabric alone are jacks, not gambesons. http://cottesimple.com/wp/wp-content/uploads/2013/08/Charles-VI-pourpoint-article...

Ernst

As far as fabric selection goes, I think buckram and fustian seem to be mentioned fairly often, though we see coverings of silk, usually cendal, as well as thin leather being used in later times. Perhaps the fabric experts can chime in on what we know of these. From what I've seen in my research the...

Ernst

Bronze is costly. Is there any evidence for similar chairs made of iron? The documents linked seem to suggest that if it were a fauldstool they would have called it that rather than a chair/throne.

Ernst

England, Assize of Arms , 1181, no requirement of gambesons or aketons to be worn by those using mail, but burgesses and free men are required to have a gambeson ( wambais ) as their sole body armor. Provence, Aliscans , L.LXIII, 1180-1190, mentions of both aketon ( auketon ) and gambeson ( gambison...

Ernst

However, the gambeson draped over the shoulder shows no sign of the doubled shoulder line. There is certain evidence of gambesons being worn over aketons at the end of the century, but it's worth noting that nowhere in the Maciejowski are quilted armors with two colors shown, for example, no blue sl...

Ernst

Et de xvj. s. receptis pro uno pectorali alias brestplate in ij. partibus, cum ij. wynghes, cum iij. bokeles, et quinque pendandes cum x. barres de argento et deaurat'. 16s. - a pectoral, also known as a breastplate, in 2 parts, with 2 wings, with buckles and five 'pendants'(?) with 10 bands of sil...

Ernst

Was Greenwich an important armor center in England before Henry VIII? 1401-1402 Will of Roger of Kirkby, Vicar of Gainford. https://books.google.com/books?id=meoU4_UxKcgC Item lego Thomae de Gedworth, camerario meo, unum equum griseum, unam vaccam, unam lectum rubeum, et omnes sagittas meas, unam lo...

Ernst

13th century and early 14th century depictions of scale usually show entire body armors, often worn over mail.

: Manesse Crossbowman.jpg (98.42 KiB) Viewed 136 times

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The Huelgas Apocalypse has some of the earliest miniatures showing gambesons over mail.
http://manuscriptminiatures.com/4648/12023/

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I think the side gores, besides being common in the tailoring of the time, might be necessary in order to pull the gambeson off. Notice the gathering both above and below the belt on this commonly seen figure from Maciejowski Bible fo.27v. A straight cut gambeson just doesn't give that look, and won...

Ernst

Consideration for bringing the aketons on the Verona baptismal font to my attention some years ago. https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c6/Verona_San_Giovanni_in_Fonte_-_Taufbecken_Kindermord_in_Bethlehem.jpg Craig Peters via (Hadrian Coffin) brought the Dublin aketon cover to my attent...

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I don't know if the earlier heterogeneous steels can be worked as well as what the Negroli were using. What's the view from the plattners?

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I suspect much of those earlier figures are embossed copper. Consider the mammelieres for the weapon chains: http://effigiesandbrasses.com/740/1018/ Or the spaulders and couter lions on the de Creke brass: http://effigiesandbrasses.com/650/863/ Thom Richardson's dissertation mentions gilt copper leo...

Ernst

Some of those aketons are pretty interesting. The silver weapon chains attached to a gambeson, and possibly the silver "joynter" (to serve as a base?) are reminiscent of the silver chains on Piers Gavaston's pair of plates. Tasha's article on the Charles VI pourpoint mentions something similar. htt...

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Randall, What's your take on the "iron chair"? The usual Latin is capella , or Old French chapel , literally chapel in either case, for the kettle hats. In singing, a capella is in the style of the chapel, without instrumental accompaniment. I wonder if the cathedra isn't in the style of a cardinal'...

Ernst

And a new term to add to the search. http://forums.armourarchive.org/phpBB3/viewtopic.php?f=4&t=180611 1311 Inventory of John fitz Marmaduke, Lord of Horden Lumbar xviij d. Loiner, 18d. (Possibly the Latin for lendener. We associate the word lumbar with the lower back, but it means the loin.)

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Source: https://books.google.com/books?id=meoU4_UxKcgC (Page 16 and following) The inventory is for several castles and estates, with armor mixed in with cattle and bushels of peas. I've tried to pick out everything, but might have missed some items. Others are questionable as to if they're arms or ...

Ernst

The Maciejowski Bible is a great visual source, but keep in mind it dates closer to 1250 than 1200. For the earlier time frame, we have more literary than visual material. There is no evidence in the visual record for the 13th century gambesons being buttoned or laced up the front. They all seem to ...

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You can't even get a Bonnacon passed, even if it's only a cabossed head. SCAtology at its finest.

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The buckled mail sleeves are Paduan, and much of the tooled leather is from Naples. Interesting to see some regional differences emerging.

Where do the spaulders with pteruges fit into the categories?
http://www.bl.uk/catalogues/illuminated ... llID=10387

Ernst

Do you mean 14th century (1301-1400)? Scale skirts tend to be more of a late-14th and early-15th century fashion.
http://manuscriptminiatures.com/4369/9228/
http://manuscriptminiatures.com/4164/7645/

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The visor seems long in the face. When do you pierce the occularia?

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There are plenty of medieval construction scenes to be found. I'd be glad to find an example of them being used in a context outside of The Passion of Christ.

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James, That certainly fits the modern business model of buying rings from the Indians to assemble somewhere else. Looking at something like Wallace A8 or Wade's M2 makes me wonder if some folks weren't making mail "by the bolt" and selling it "by the yard" to be cut up and assembled elsewhere. Then ...

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I'm getting an error code.

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Perhaps?
http://www.hansprunner.com/#!the-royal-armouries/c0
http://www.amazon.co.uk/The-Royal-Armou ... 8895191072

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Tom, thanks for the images, just to be clear, these examples are not demi riveted. A-2 shirt bottom edge https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/-nw_2EMWEWhM/Vjo_IJRD6xI/AAAAAAACIb8/_Vd5hPTQQDE/s800-Ic42/A-2%252520SHIRT%252520BOTTOM%252520EDGE.png A-2 shirt sleeve cuf (short sleeved) https://lh3.googleus...

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To add a bit of pointless levity, just last week I was discussing mail with a colleague (who's a labor historian) after a demonstration. He's not familiar with arms & armour at all, but was very interested. He'd asked if each ring was riveted, and I gave the 30-second version of "it seems to have g...

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Re: Early Greenwich armor

Re: Armour development in XIVth century Europe.

Re: Document: 1311 Lord of Horden

Re: Document: 1311 Lord of Horden

Re: Document: 1311 Lord of Horden

Re: Questions about Gambesons, Circa 1200

Re: Questions about Gambesons, Circa 1200

Re: Questions about Gambesons, Circa 1200

Re: Document: 1311 Lord of Horden

Re: Questions about Gambesons, Circa 1200

Re: Questions about Gambesons, Circa 1200

Re: Document: 1423, THE ARMOUR. AND ARMS of HENRY BOWET.

Early Greenwich armor

Re: Historical Accuracy of Scale/Brig Faulds?

Re: Questions about Gambesons, Circa 1200

Re: Questions about Gambesons, Circa 1200

Re: Questions about Gambesons, Circa 1200

Re: Armour development in XIVth century Europe.

Re: Armour development in XIVth century Europe.

Re: Document: 1311 Lord of Horden

Re: Document: 1311 Lord of Horden

Re: Comfortable and Flexible, suspending your legs

Document: 1311 Lord of Horden

Re: Questions about Gambesons, Circa 1200

Re: Will the heralds pass it? Moderate nsfw

Re: Armour development in XIVth century Europe.

Re: Historical Accuracy of Scale/Brig Faulds?

Re: The start of a Journey: professional armouring

Re: Rope Helmets

Re: European riveted mail types and timeline.

Re: Feather plume on display?

Re: Name of a Book

Re: European riveted mail types and timeline.

Re: European riveted mail types and timeline.