Because of the premature death of her brother Philip in 1298, she inherited the County of Artois at her father's death in 1302, rather than her nephew Robert III (her inheritance being based upon proximity of blood). Although he repeatedly challenged the decision, her rights to the county were consistently upheld by the Parlement of Paris and the royal court. She was an able administrator and managed to defeat the many rebellions perpetrated by members of the nobility. Her senior administrator was the Bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Arras, Thierry de Hérisson. Upon her death in 1329, the county was inherited by her daughter Joan II, Countess of Burgundy (d. 1329), the widow of Philip V of France.
1304 Payments of Mahaut, Countess of Artois
Pour IIII escus, X sols l'escu, XL sols; (for the escorting guards)
For 4 shields, 10 sols per shield, 40 sols;
pour le cuir dez brachieres, II sols;
For the leather for bracers, 2 sols;
pour IIII hiaumes a louage pris a Adam le haumier, et pour harnas de gambes burnis;
For hiring Adam the Helmer for 4 helms, and for burnishing harness of jambers (leg armor);
pour IIII aketons, IIII bachines, II haubres, II haubreions, II paires de cauchons,
for 4 aketons, 4 bascinets, 2 hauberks, 2 haubergeons, 2 pairs of chaussons,
pour coroyes de veel, pour cole, pour fu, pour fil, pour candelles pour le paine Baude, (other items needed for travel)
for coroyes de veel, pour cole, for fire, for thread, for candles, for Baude bread(?),
pour II camaux, pour le liueage d'un keval que Baudez chevaucha par III jours,
for 2 camaux, for the liueage of a horse which Baudez rode for 3 days, (or is Baudez the name of the horse?)
pour II vallés qui aidierent les chevaliers a armer,
for 2 valets which attend the armed knights,
pour le travail faire voir a Lens et pour tout ce harnas mener a Lens par une carete et sont lez parties au dos de ce rolle, VII libvres XV sols II deniers,
for the work to see Lens and for the harness conducting to Lens with a cart are the parties on the back of this roll, 7 Livres, 15 sols, 2 deniers. (Lens is a town in Artois)
la quele monnoie est en somme , IIIIˣˣ III libvres XVI s. X den.
The totaled expense in sum 83 Livres 16 sols 10 deniers
Source: Chretien Cesar Auguste Dehaisnes, Documents et extraits divers concernant l'histoire de l'art dans la Flandre, l'Artois & le Hainaut avant le XVe siècle, p. 162, 1886
https://archive.org/details/documentsetextra01deha